Oswal Group

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stylised image of brain waves in several colours representing frequencies, and structure MRI brain scan images overlaid with brain regions shaded in colours.

Our aim is to provide a detailed understanding of how brain network activity at various timescales contributes to movement and cognitive function, both in health and in neurological diseases. Neurological symptoms are not static, but change over minutes, hours, or days, meaning that an understanding of the origins of their dynamics is necessary for the development of improved therapies. We aim to: (1) relate nerve cell activity within particular brain networks to specific symptoms and (2) modulate this activity in order to improve clinical outcomes.

The left two images show simulations of cortical and basal ganglia dynamics in Parkinson's disease. The right two images are MRI scans showing areas of the cortex that are functionally and structurally connected to the basal ganglia.

Group Science

We adopt a multidisciplinary approach to understand how communication within brain networks contributes to both normal and pathological brain health. To this end, we study healthy individuals and patients with neurological conditions that affect movement and cognition e.g., Parkinson’s disease, and other neurological conditions such as dementia.  

Some of the patients we study have undergone a surgical procedure known as Deep Brain Simulation (DBS), during which electrodes are inserted deep into the brain to allow for therapeutic electrical stimulation. By recording from DBS electrodes and from cortical brain areas non-invasively (using EEG or MEG) it is possible to study cortico-basal ganglia interactions and reveal their modulation by DBS. A key goal of our research is to carefully characterise the network modulatory effects of DBS, in the hope that these can be reproduced using novel minimally-invasive techniques.  

A parallel strand of our research leverages imaging modalities with high spatial and temporal resolution to reveal network disturbances that underly impairments of memory and motivation in patients. The neuronal mechanisms underlying these symptoms are presently poorly understood, and there are significant opportunities for improving treatments.

Key Research Areas
  • Oscillatory dynamics underlying motor, memory, and motivational impairments in neurological disease
  • Predicting pathological signals for Deep Brain Stimulation
  • Refining Deep Brain Stimulation for symptom control
Research Techniques
  • Neuroimaging & neurophysiological techniques (MEG, EEG, MRI)
  • Invasive recordings (local field potentials & ECOG)
  • Deep Brain Stimulation
  • Computational modelling, Machine Learning & signal processing
Group Leader
Group News
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Portrait phot of Ashwini Oswal

Associate Professor Ashwini Oswal 

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Photo of Mary Myers talking to the audience at the Unit Training and Careers Development Event 2025.

Mary Muers (far right) moderates an interactive session about training and career development opportunities.

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A group photo of attendees at the Unit’s Science Day in Winter 2025.

Attendees at the BNDU’s Science Day in Winter 2025.

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A group photo of attendees at the Unit’s Science Day in Summer 2024.

Attendees at the MRC BNDU’s Science Day in Summer 2024.

Recent Publications

Unit Paper
Simpson TG
Wehmeyer L
Hart MG
Shah RS
Hasegawa H
Wiest C
Yassine S
Guo X
Loehrer PA
Merla A
Andrade P
Visser-Vandewalle V
Perera A
Adindu K
Raslan A
O'Keeffe A
Welter ML
Morgante F
Ashkan K
Pereira EA

2026. Brain, 149(7):2409-2421.

Unit Paper
Nowak M
Hinson EL
Cambalova P
Scholl J
Josephs L
Quinn AJ
Woolrich M

2025. Imaging Neurosci (Camb), 3.

Unit Paper
Harmer CJ
Klein-Flügge MC

2025. Brain Neurosci Adv, 9:23982128251322241.

Datasets and resources

Like other Groups at the BNDU, we are committed to best practice in open research.  We have created and curated a range of primary data, metadata and related resources that can be readily downloaded by external users from the BNDU's data sharing platform, Cambium.